{"id":4004,"date":"2023-05-10T16:01:38","date_gmt":"2023-05-10T14:01:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/marcheggianimuccioli.it\/knee\/knee-osteotomy\/"},"modified":"2025-10-08T20:09:00","modified_gmt":"2025-10-08T18:09:00","slug":"knee-osteotomy","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/marcheggianimuccioli.it\/en\/knee\/knee-osteotomy\/","title":{"rendered":"Knee osteotomy"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"4004\" class=\"elementor elementor-4004 elementor-3571\" data-elementor-settings=\"[]\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-section-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-dd90151 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"dd90151\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2c0689f\" data-id=\"2c0689f\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c83dd47 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c83dd47\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix\">\n\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Knee osteotomy<\/strong> is a refined surgical procedure aimed at correcting bone deformities and improving knee function, while also reducing pain associated with various joint conditions.<\/p><p>This procedure is essential for individuals suffering from conditions such as varus or valgus knee and looking for an alternative to total knee replacement.<\/p><p><strong>&#8220;Osteotomy&#8221; literally means \u201cbone cutting.\u201d<\/strong> During a knee osteotomy, the tibia and\/or femur are cut and realigned to redistribute the load-bearing forces within the knee joint.<\/p><p>The cut bone segments are then rejoined using fixation devices such as titanium plates and screws. If necessary, the resulting bone defect (in the case of opening wedge osteotomies) can be filled with allograft (donor bone) or synthetic bone graft.<\/p><p>Osteotomy is used as a joint-preserving procedure, either as an alternative to or a bridge before knee replacement surgery, especially in cases of knee osteoarthritis with varus (\u201cbow-legged\u201d) or valgus (\u201cknock-kneed\u201d) alignment.<\/p><p>Normally, the mechanical axis of the lower limb passes through the center of the knee, allowing for an even distribution of load across the joint. In varus knees (\u201cO\u201d-shaped legs), the inner compartment bears excessive stress, causing progressive wear.<\/p><p><strong>In valgus knees (\u201cX\u201d-shaped legs), the lateral compartment is more stressed and becomes damaged (Fig. 1).<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-346c73a elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"346c73a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1275\" height=\"899\" src=\"https:\/\/marcheggianimuccioli.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/fig-1-varo-valgo.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"Osteotomia del ginocchio\" srcset=\"https:\/\/marcheggianimuccioli.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/fig-1-varo-valgo.jpg 1275w, https:\/\/marcheggianimuccioli.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/fig-1-varo-valgo-300x212.jpg 300w, https:\/\/marcheggianimuccioli.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/fig-1-varo-valgo-1024x722.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/marcheggianimuccioli.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/fig-1-varo-valgo-768x542.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1275px) 100vw, 1275px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Fig. 1 Load-bearing axis of the knee. The red lines illustrate the axis (force transmission line) in a normal knee, a varus knee (\u201cO\u201d legs), and a valgus knee (\u201cX\u201d legs).<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d12e065 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"d12e065\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-medium\">Why Is a Knee Osteotomy Performed?<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-04335fc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"04335fc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix\">\n\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Misalignments such as varus or valgus knee can cause asymmetric cartilage wear, leading to pain and limited mobility.<\/strong> The goal of the procedure is to restore proper limb alignment and redistribute forces across the knee joint.<\/span><\/p><p>We will explore this topic through the following sections:<\/p><ul><li><a href=\"#diversi-tipi-osteotomie-ginocchio\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The different types of knee osteotomies: tibial and femoral<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#processo-pre-operatorio\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The pre-operative process: initial consultation and diagnostic exams<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#procedura-chirurgica\">The surgical procedure<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#osteotomia-ginocchio\">Additional surgical treatments that may accompany osteotomy<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#recupero-post-operatorio\">Post-operative recovery<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#risultati-attesi\">Expected results and benefits<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#vita-dopo-osteotomia\">Life after knee osteotomy<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#osteotomie-ginocchio\">Knee osteotomy: innovations and future prospects<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d378da0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-menu-anchor\" data-id=\"d378da0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"menu-anchor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"diversi-tipi-osteotomie-ginocchio\" class=\"elementor-menu-anchor\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6354136 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6354136\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-large\">The Different Types of Knee Osteotomies: Tibial and Femoral<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-68969db elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"68969db\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix\">\n\t\t\t\t<ul><li><strong>Tibial osteotomy<\/strong>: Mainly performed to correct varus knees. It involves cutting and reshaping the tibia to realign the knee joint;<\/li><li><strong>Femoral osteotomy<\/strong>: Less common, this is used to correct valgus knees by modifying the femur to improve alignment.<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f2aba1f elementor-widget elementor-widget-menu-anchor\" data-id=\"f2aba1f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"menu-anchor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"processo-pre-operatorio\" class=\"elementor-menu-anchor\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-06bafb3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"06bafb3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-large\">Pre-operative Process: Consultation and Diagnostic Exams<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3ea2af9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3ea2af9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix\">\n\t\t\t\t<p>During the initial consultation, the surgeon will assess the condition of the knee, discussing expectations and possible outcomes. Full-leg weight-bearing X-rays are essential, and sometimes an MRI is required to evaluate the deformity and plan the surgery.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-edbd73a elementor-widget elementor-widget-menu-anchor\" data-id=\"edbd73a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"menu-anchor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"procedura-chirurgica\" class=\"elementor-menu-anchor\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-566c4d0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"566c4d0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-large\">The Surgical Procedure<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-97b33e5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"97b33e5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix\">\n\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>By realigning the knee and shifting the load axis from the damaged compartment to the center of the joint, pain is significantly reduced and function improved.<\/strong> An added advantage of this procedure is that, once healing is complete, it does not limit physical activity.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Patients can return to sports, including high-impact and contact sports like football, skiing, and basketball. [1-3] The main objective of knee osteotomy is to restore proper alignment of the lower limb and redistribute joint loads.<\/span><\/p><p>There are several reasons an orthopedic surgeon may recommend a knee osteotomy:<\/p><ul><li><strong>Unicompartmental osteoarthritis in young, active patients (under 55\u201360 years)<\/strong>: Osteotomy is advised when only one knee compartment is affected (usually the medial one). The rationale is to shift the load from the diseased area to the center of the joint. Young, active patients who play sports and can handle recovery well are ideal candidates. In such cases, osteotomy is preferable to knee replacement because it allows return to contact sports (running, football, skiing);<\/li><li><strong>Post-fracture deformities<\/strong>: Misalignment may result from previous fractures that healed with angular deviation. In these cases, osteotomy can restore alignment and prevent or delay osteoarthritis;<\/li><li><strong>Osteoarthritis prevention in young patients<\/strong>: Used as a preventative measure in patients with high-risk deformities (varus or valgus) but no established osteoarthritis. Young patients with recurring pain and misalignment are ideal candidates. [4]<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-22a737c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"22a737c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-medium\">Choosing the Right Type of Knee Osteotomy<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7ccdcb9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7ccdcb9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix\">\n\t\t\t\t<p>The surgeon will select the appropriate type based on the specific case, evaluating which bone is deformed and how much correction is needed. [5] Common types include:<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d333491 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"d333491\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-medium\">For valgus deformities<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-be9eae2 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"be9eae2\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-ca68954\" data-id=\"ca68954\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-df17a55 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"df17a55\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-small\">Lateral opening wedge femoral osteotomy (Fig. 2)<\/h4>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-74f54ac elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"74f54ac\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"136\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/marcheggianimuccioli.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/fig-2-A-_-APERTURA-LATERALE-osteot-femore-front-sw-136x300.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/marcheggianimuccioli.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/fig-2-A-_-APERTURA-LATERALE-osteot-femore-front-sw-136x300.jpg 136w, https:\/\/marcheggianimuccioli.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/fig-2-A-_-APERTURA-LATERALE-osteot-femore-front-sw-466x1024.jpg 466w, https:\/\/marcheggianimuccioli.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/fig-2-A-_-APERTURA-LATERALE-osteot-femore-front-sw.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 136px) 100vw, 136px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-3d7bd92\" data-id=\"3d7bd92\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0f64168 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0f64168\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-small\">Medial closing wedge femoral osteotomy (Fig. 3)<\/h4>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e92b3db elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"e92b3db\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"136\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/marcheggianimuccioli.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/fig-3-A-_-CHIUSURA-MEDIALE-osteot-femore-front-sw-136x300.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/marcheggianimuccioli.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/fig-3-A-_-CHIUSURA-MEDIALE-osteot-femore-front-sw-136x300.jpg 136w, https:\/\/marcheggianimuccioli.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/fig-3-A-_-CHIUSURA-MEDIALE-osteot-femore-front-sw.jpg 394w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 136px) 100vw, 136px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bde8fcb elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"bde8fcb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-medium\">For varus deformities<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-0897e8b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"0897e8b\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-9870b85\" data-id=\"9870b85\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-259b576 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"259b576\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-small\">Medial opening wedge tibial osteotomy (Fig. 4)<\/h4>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3c92110 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"3c92110\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"170\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/marcheggianimuccioli.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/fig-4-A-_-TIBIA-APERTURA-osteo-FRONTsw-170x300.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/marcheggianimuccioli.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/fig-4-A-_-TIBIA-APERTURA-osteo-FRONTsw-170x300.jpg 170w, https:\/\/marcheggianimuccioli.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/fig-4-A-_-TIBIA-APERTURA-osteo-FRONTsw.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 170px) 100vw, 170px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-801c9f3\" data-id=\"801c9f3\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1d0ea34 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1d0ea34\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-small\">Lateral closing wedge tibial osteotomy (Fig. 5)<\/h4>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5e32bf8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"5e32bf8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"170\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/marcheggianimuccioli.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/osteotomia-170x300.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"osteotomia\" srcset=\"https:\/\/marcheggianimuccioli.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/osteotomia-170x300.jpg 170w, https:\/\/marcheggianimuccioli.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/osteotomia-580x1024.jpg 580w, https:\/\/marcheggianimuccioli.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/osteotomia-768x1356.jpg 768w, https:\/\/marcheggianimuccioli.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/osteotomia-870x1536.jpg 870w, https:\/\/marcheggianimuccioli.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/osteotomia-1160x2048.jpg 1160w, https:\/\/marcheggianimuccioli.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/osteotomia.jpg 1133w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 170px) 100vw, 170px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b18c87e elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"b18c87e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bd0b8ca elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"bd0b8ca\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"501\" src=\"https:\/\/marcheggianimuccioli.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/fig-6.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/marcheggianimuccioli.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/fig-6.jpg 768w, https:\/\/marcheggianimuccioli.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/fig-6-300x196.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Fig. 6 Pre- and post-operative X-rays of a patient with varus knees treated with femoral varus-producing osteotomy.<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0738ce1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"0738ce1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"461\" src=\"https:\/\/marcheggianimuccioli.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/fig-7.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/marcheggianimuccioli.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/fig-7.jpg 768w, https:\/\/marcheggianimuccioli.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/fig-7-300x180.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Fig. 7 Pre- and post-operative X-rays of a patient with bilateral varus knees treated with bilateral tibial valgus-producing osteotomy.<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c38dacf elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"c38dacf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-medium\">Most Frequently Performed Knee Osteotomies<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b1c766e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b1c766e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix\">\n\t\t\t\t<p>The most common procedures are:<\/p><ul><li><strong>For valgus deformities<\/strong>: Lateral opening wedge femoral osteotomy;<\/li><li><b>For varus deformities<\/b>: Medial opening wedge tibial osteotomy.<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1845ced elementor-widget elementor-widget-menu-anchor\" data-id=\"1845ced\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"menu-anchor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"osteotomia-ginocchio\" class=\"elementor-menu-anchor\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dabba0e elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"dabba0e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-large\">Osteotomy Combined with Other Surgical Treatments<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ff51e04 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ff51e04\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix\">\n\t\t\t\t<p>Knee osteotomy may be combined with other procedures, such as ACL reconstruction or meniscal repair. [6] Most patients stay in the hospital for 3\u20134 days.<\/p><p>Patients typically begin exercising their knee the day after surgery with help from a physiotherapist. Sedentary work can usually be resumed after 7\u201310 days, while heavy labor may be possible after 2 months. [7]\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-520b7f7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-menu-anchor\" data-id=\"520b7f7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"menu-anchor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"recupero-post-operatorio\" class=\"elementor-menu-anchor\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ccd8c6c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ccd8c6c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-large\">Technological Innovation in Knee Osteotomy<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-268d8b7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"268d8b7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix\">\n\t\t\t\t<p>Today, it is possible to perform custom osteotomies using 3D planning, personalized instruments, and patient-specific implants. This technology, available for the first time in Italy at our facility, makes the surgery minimally invasive.<\/p><p>The high degree of precision improves the long-term durability of the results (Fig. 8). [8]\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6ea15f0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-menu-anchor\" data-id=\"6ea15f0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"menu-anchor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"risultati-attesi\" class=\"elementor-menu-anchor\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-101adcb elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"101adcb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-large\">Expected Results and Benefits<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-60dad43 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"60dad43\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-medium\">Improved functionality<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d57f934 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d57f934\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix\">\n\t\t\t\t<p>Patients usually experience significant improvement in knee function and are able to resume daily activities. The goal is to reduce or eliminate pain caused by asymmetric cartilage wear.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f503008 elementor-widget elementor-widget-menu-anchor\" data-id=\"f503008\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"menu-anchor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"vita-dopo-osteotomia\" class=\"elementor-menu-anchor\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bdd5af3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"bdd5af3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-large\">Life After Knee Osteotomy<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-700a707 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"700a707\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-medium\">Return to daily activities<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8e188e8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8e188e8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix\">\n\t\t\t\t<p>Most patients gradually return to their normal routines, following medical and physiotherapy guidelines. A healthy lifestyle and optimal body weight are crucial for preserving knee health and preventing further injury.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3eae2b8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-menu-anchor\" data-id=\"3eae2b8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"menu-anchor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"osteotomie-ginocchio\" class=\"elementor-menu-anchor\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-546ab1c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"546ab1c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-large\">Knee Osteotomy: Innovations and the Future<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7b0fd02 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7b0fd02\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix\">\n\t\t\t\t<p>Ongoing research is leading to less invasive techniques, faster recovery, and better outcomes. <strong>Advances in medical technology promise even greater safety and effectiveness in future osteotomies.<\/strong> As mentioned, for the first time in Italy, our unit offers personalized osteotomies using advanced 3D planning and custom-made tools and implants.<\/p><p>This technology ensures higher precision, minimal invasiveness, and longer-lasting results.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-07612e5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"07612e5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-medium\">Knee Osteotomy: Prof. Marcheggiani Muccioli\u2019s Expertise<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9a1b93c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9a1b93c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix\">\n\t\t\t\t<p>Prof. Giulio Maria Marcheggiani Muccioli has distinguished himself in the field of orthopedics, beginning with a cum laude degree in Medicine and Surgery from the University of Bologna in 2006, followed by a cum laude specialization in Orthopedics and Traumatology at the Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute and a PhD in Surgical Sciences.<\/p><p>His career includes the academic role of Associate Professor of Orthopedics at the Faculty of Medicine and Surgery of the University of Bologna, where he has focused on biomechanics and pathology of the lower and upper limbs.<\/p><p>He expanded his expertise through international fellowships, including experiences in the UK, Japan, and the United States, establishing himself as an orthopedic surgeon with extensive practical experience, demonstrated by over 250 surgeries per year.<\/p><p>Prof. Marcheggiani Muccioli also plays a key role in training the next generation of physicians through university teaching across multiple medical and surgical disciplines.<\/p><p>He is <strong>one of only 10 Italian surgeons selected in the past 20 years by the American Knee Society to participate in the prestigious John Insall Fellowship in Knee Prosthetic Surgery<\/strong>. His prolific contribution to the field is reflected in over 250 scientific publications and a constant presence in academic and scientific conferences, demonstrating a deep commitment to innovation in the treatment of knee and shoulder pathologies, advancement of minimally invasive surgical techniques, and sports medicine.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0e5d8b2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0e5d8b2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix\">\n\t\t\t\t<iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/79HPGMb9KK4\" width=\"80%\" height=\"500\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d42a3a8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"d42a3a8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1dd4e18 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1dd4e18\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h5 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Bibliography<\/h5>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-0851fff elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"0851fff\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1457abc\" data-id=\"1457abc\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-68ab899 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"68ab899\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-0b83db2\" data-id=\"0b83db2\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d306576 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d306576\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix\">\n\t\t\t\t<ol><li>High Tibial Osteotomy: The Italian Experience. Marcacci M, Zaffagnini S,\u2026Marcheggiani Muccioli GM, Bruni D, and Halvadjian R. Oper Tech Orthop 2007;17:22-28.<\/li><li>Comparison between Closing-Wedge and Opening-Wedge High Tibial Osteotomy in Patients with Medial Knee Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Sun H, Zhou L, Li F, and Duan J. J Knee Surg 2016 May;30(2):158\u2013165.<\/li><li>Osteotomy for treating knee osteoarthritis. Brouwer rw et al. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, no. 12, 2014.<\/li><li>Understanding osteotomy: a narrative review. Alesi D, Rinaldi V, Meena A, Marcheggiani Muccioli GM, Zaffagnini S. J Clin Orthop 2020 Jan-June;5(1):16-21.<\/li><li>Combined ACL reconstruction and closing-wedge HTO for varus angulated ACL-deficient knees. Zaffagnini S, Bonanzinga T, Grassi A, Marcheggiani Muccioli GM,\u2026, Marcacci M. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2013 Apr;21(4):934-41.<\/li><li>Rehabilitation Following High Tibial Osteotomy. Aalderink KJ, Shaffer M, and Amendola A. Clinics in Sports Medicine Apr 2010;29(2):291\u2013301.<\/li><\/ol>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ed09546 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"ed09546\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-31eb860 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"31eb860\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f77877a\" data-id=\"f77877a\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a185eac elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"a185eac\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><h4 data-elementor-setting-key=\"title\" data-pen-placeholder=\"Type Here...\" style=\"font-style: normal;\">Book online<\/h4><\/h4>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-510b000 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"510b000\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.miodottore.it\/giulio-maria-marcheggiani-muccioli\/ortopedico-medico-dello-sport\/roma\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"71\" src=\"https:\/\/marcheggianimuccioli.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/MioDottore-708946-300x71.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/marcheggianimuccioli.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/MioDottore-708946-300x71.jpg 300w, https:\/\/marcheggianimuccioli.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/MioDottore-708946-440x106.jpg 440w, https:\/\/marcheggianimuccioli.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/MioDottore-708946.jpg 450w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-461d58e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"461d58e\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1511b8c\" data-id=\"1511b8c\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7523f04 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"7523f04\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Knee osteotomy is a refined surgical procedure aimed at correcting bone deformities and improving knee function, while also reducing pain associated with various joint conditions. This procedure is essential for individuals suffering from conditions such as varus or valgus knee and looking for an alternative to total knee replacement. &#8220;Osteotomy&#8221; literally means \u201cbone cutting.\u201d During [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":3939,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-4004","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v18.5.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Valgus and Varus Knee Osteotomy | Marcheggiani Muccioli<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Knee Osteotomy: Surgery for Valgus or Varus Knee. 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